1/21/2024 0 Comments Index of refraction of nmc cathode![]() Yet, current LIBs chemistry, pairing lithium transition metal oxide cathodes (LiCoO 2, LiMn 2O 4, LiFePO 4, etc.) 1 with a graphite anode (theoretical specific capacity of 372 mAh g −1) 2, is approaching the ceilings of energy density (~300 Wh kg −1) 3 and struggling to satisfy the ballooning demands. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are witnessing a huge surge in demand for portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid storage applications. Accordingly, industrial anode-free pouch cells under harsh testing conditions deliver a high energy of 442.5 Wh kg −1 with 80% capacity retention after 100 cycles. Consequently, the anion-derived interface chemistry contributes to the compact and columnar-structure Li deposits with a high CE of 98.7% and stable cycling of 4.6 V NCM811 and LiCoO 2 cathode. An anion-enrichment interface prompts more anions’ decomposition in the inner Helmholtz plane and higher reduction potential of anions. Herein, we propose an optimally fluorinated linear carboxylic ester (ethyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoate, FEP) paired with weakly solvating fluoroethylene carbonate and dissociated lithium salts (LiBF 4 and LiDFOB) to prepare a weakly solvating and dissociated electrolyte. Yet, their implementation is plagued by low Coulombic efficiency and inferior cycling stability. Aggressive chemistry involving Li metal anode (LMA) and high-voltage LiNi 0.8Mn 0.1Co 0.1O 2 (NCM811) cathode is deemed as a pragmatic approach to pursue the desperate 400 Wh kg −1. ![]()
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